Effect of Nickel Concentration on Stabilisation of Tetragonal Zirconia

The present work deals with effect of particle size, concentration of nickel, and calcination temperature on the enhancement of tetragonal zirconia nanopowders. Nanocrystalline tetragonal zirconia is commercially very significant material which finds extensive use as an anode material in SOFC, as a catalyst oxygen sensor and structural material. In the present project work, nanocrystalline zirconia powders were prepared by co-precipitation technique. This technique is very helpful for the promotion of the stabilization of t-phase of $ZrO_2$ at nano level at moderate temperature which is one of the primary objectives of this project. Here the main objective is to stabilize the $t-ZrO_2$ through precipitation route using NH4OH.The concentration of nickel-salt plays an important role for the enhancement of stabilized tetragonal phase at moderate temperature. From XRD results it has been concluded that stabilization of $t-ZrO_2$ was better for 20 mol% nickel-salt concentration as compared with 40 mol% Ni-salt at the same temperature

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENT SHAPED ISOLATED FOOTINGS UNDER STATIC LOAD AND IMPACT LOADING ON SANDY SOIL AND BLACK COTTON SOIL

Any Civil Engineering Structure must rest on a strong foundation or as per the strength criteria. Bearing capacity and settlement are the two major criteria for designing of foundation. Also it is not always subjected to monotonic loading but it may be subjected to impact loading. The examples are lifts, bridges foundation, machine foundation, offshore structure, wind waves etc. In this dissertation work, with the experimental investigations work an attempt has been made to study the behavior and suitability of various shaped footing specimens which may be a choice for laying of foundation. For this purpose the area of footing specimens has been kept same as 400 cm2 for all shapes of footings and thereafter the dimension are fixed accordingly. As a consideration for knowing of effect of settlement the dissertation work is studied under black cotton soil and sandy soil as two different strata. Also, in this dissertation work, the loading on the footing has been differentiated as static and Impact loading so that settlement tests were conducted on all specimens and load intensity–settlement curves are to be plotted. It is also required to verify the suitability of the shape as per loading on different types of soil. It is concluded after studying the load intensity settlement behavior that hexagonal footing shows least settlement while square and rectangular footing shows maximum settlement at same loading intensity. Experimentally it is found that hexagonal footing shows better performance while other footing shows considerable behavior.The study is carried out using two types of soil namely, sandy soil and black cotton soil as strata which suggest that penetration is more for black cotton soil. In this test study the density and moisture content of the soil were kept same as existing in the field. Load intensity –settlement curves are compared with standard behaviour and studied for further conclusions and scope

Role of expectation and working memory constraints in Hindi comprehension: An eyetracking corpus analysis

We used the Potsdam-Allahabad Hindi eye-tracking corpus to investigate the role of word-level and sentence-level factors during sentence comprehension in Hindi. Extending previous work that used this eye-tracking data, we investigate the role of surprisal and retrieval cost metrics during sentence processing. While controlling for word-level predictors (word complexity, syllable length, unigram and bigram frequencies) as well as sentence-level predictors such as integration and storage costs, we find a significant effect of surprisal on first-pass reading times (higher surprisal value leads to increase in FPRT). Effect of retrieval cost was only found for a higher degree of parser parallelism. Interestingly, while surprisal has a significant effect on FPRT, storage cost (another prediction-based metric) does not. A significant effect of storage cost shows up only in total fixation time (TFT), thus indicating that these two measures perhaps capture different aspects of prediction. The study replicates previous findings that both prediction-based and memory-based metrics are required to account for processing patterns during sentence comprehension. The results also show that parser model assumptions are critical in order to draw generalizations about the utility of a metric (e.g. surprisal) across various phenomena in a language

Tuberculoma of the Tongue Presenting as Hemimacroglossia

The underdiagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis lesions, along with an emerging global resistance to antitubercular drugs, warrants an increased awareness of the involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in atypical lesions of oral cavity. Tongue is the most common site of oral tuberculosis. We report a rare presentation of lingual tuberculosis in a 65-year-old male, a chronic tobacco chewer, who came to us with swelling of the tongue which apparently looked like hemimacroglossia, leading to the clinical diagnosis of submucosal carcinoma of tongue. Enlargement of tongue is a slow process resulting from gradual invasion and lodging of bacilli in the tongue. Biopsy and histopathological examination revealed tuberculous etiology of the lesion and the patient responded well to antitubercular therapy

Improving a Reinforcement Learning Negotiating Agent’s Performance by Extracting Information from the Opponent’s Sequence of Offers

With the prospects of decentralized multi-agent systems becoming more prevalent in daily life, automated negotiation agents have made their place in these collaborative settings. They are an approach to promote communication between the agents in reaching solutions that are better for all involved.Recent literature has shown great potential in using machine learning, particularly model-free deep reinforcement learning like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), to develop more performant automated negotiation strategies. This work focuses on using information from the opponent's sequence of offers in a bilateral negotiation to further improve a baseline PPO agent. This involves extracting and representing information from the opponent's sequence of offers into a state vector with a fixed dimension to modify the input to the agent's policy, and then comparing the utilities this modified agent achieves to the baseline PPO agent. Since there is a large variety of numerical measures to represent a sequence of offers, an ablation study is conducted to investigate the effectiveness of each.The modified agents consistently reached solutions that had higher social welfare, although the agent's own utility did not improve or diminish significantly in comparison to the base PPO agent.https://github.com/brenting/negotiation_PPO The repository containing all the code this paper used. The code for this specific paper was done in the 'sequence-of-offers-single-thread' branch.CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin

Synthesis of linear cis-anti-cis triquinane derivative via a [3+2] cycloaddition and Krapcho decarboxylation as key steps

527-531A short synthetic sequence to a linear triquinane is reported involving [3+2] cycloaddition, oxidative cleavage of double bond using ruthenium catalyst followed by decarboxylation. By this methodology, norbornene double bond can be easily cleaved to obtain the linear triquinane unit. This methodology is useful for the synthesis of natural and non-natural products having fused cyclopentane ring systems

A study to evaluate the efficacy of transdermal nitroglycerine patch in enhancing analgesia of intrathecal neostigmine following inguinal hernioplasty under bupivacaine subarachnoid block

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of combining intrathecal neostigmine with transdermal nitroglycerine patch for pain relief in patients undergoing inguinal hernioplasty under bupivacaine subarachnoid block. And to evaluate the adverse effects of intrathecal neostigmine with transdermal nitroglycerine patch. Methodology: After taking informed consent, 60 patients of ASA Grade I and II were systematically randomized into two groups of 30 each. Patients were infused with Ringer's lactate solution 10ml/kg preoperatively. Group N patients received Intrathecal injection of 15 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 10 mcg of neostigmine and transdermal nitroglycerine patch (5 mg/24 hours). Group P patients received Intrathecal injection of 15 mg 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 10 mcg of neostigmine and transdermal placebo patch. Subarachnoid Block was performed at L3-L4 level, with 25 gauge spinal needle and 3.5 ml of the drug solution was injected intrathecally per the group allocation. Sensory block was assessed by using pin prick method and motor block was checked by using modified Bromage scale. Pulse rate, blood pressure and SpO2 were monitored. Intra-operative complications were noted. Sample size was calculated to be 60 with a total of two groups with a power of 90 % and a alpha of 0.05. Test for analysis among two groups was done by Unpaired t test. A p value less than 0.05 was taken statistically significant. Results: The characteristics of study were comparable among two groups. The mean duration of analgesia in Group N was significantly longer (p < 0.001) than in Group P (367.4 ± 16.7 vs. 218.7 ± 16.8 min respectively). Group P had higher VAS scores and the number of rescue analgesic requirement was significantly more in Group P as compared to Group N. Hemodynamic changes remained insignificant in both groups. Incidences of side effects were not significant in both the groups. Conclusion: We conclude that the nitroglycerin transdermal patch used as an adjuvant to intrathecal neostigmine and bupivacaine prolongs postoperative analgesia

Dentition status and treatment needs of engineering students in Lucknow city

Introduction: Professional college students should be more aware of their health. The simple concept of oral hygiene should be understood and put into practice by them. Objectives: To assess the dentition status and treatment needs of engineering students in Lucknow city. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 subjects were included in the study. The subjects were selected from four Engineering colleges randomly selected from all parts of the city. Data were collected by using oral health assessment form by WHO (1997). The proforma included questions on oral hygiene practices, dentition status and treatment needs. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: Among the total subjects, 56% of the subjects were males and 44% were females in the study. Decayed teeth were found among 52.8% of the subjects in the present study. However, frequency of filled teeth (4%), missing (4.8%), bridge abutment (0.4%) and trauma (5.2%) was small. One surface filling was required among 26.4% of the subjects, 2 or more surface filling was required among 8%, crown for 5.2%, pulp care was 6.4% and extraction was required in 4.4% of the subjects. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth score among male subjects was 1.02 ± 1.20 and females 0.82 ± 0.94. Conclusion: The dental caries among the engineering students was found to be high and were more in males when compared to the females